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Establishment Plans for Small Business Ventures - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2077 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? PRODUCE ESTABLISHMENT PLANS FOR SMALL BUSINESS VENTURES Introduction This assignment is based on small business management and will describes what steps one has to take so that he can meet his vision and mission statements to achieve the goals of the organization. Customers are considered as a king in all businesses. While making this assignment, we can know how to make Customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s satisfaction, how to compete with the competitors, ways to increase the sale of product and maximization of profit. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Establishment Plans for Small Business Ventures" essay for you Create order Part One: Explore and Articulate Business Vision Concepts Answer 1.1 We have taken vision statement of puma. The vision of puma: Fair, Honest, Positive, Creative. Puma believe that our position as the creative leader in sport lifestyle gives us the opportunity and the responsibilities to contribute to a better world for the generation to come. A better world in PUMA vision à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" would be safer, more peaceful and more creative than the world we know today. The 4 keys is the tools we develop to help us to stay true to puma vision and we use constantly asking customers about their needs and requirements and we are being honest, fair, positive and creative in everything we do. Answer 1.2 As the PUMA have good brand name it is popular in the entire world for its quality and sports lifestyle products. So the main thing of its vision statement has to maintain quality of its products. PUMA has to listen about the needs and requirements of the customers and provide produ ct according to them. As the puma is famous for its sports life style products so the products should be comfortable and light weight. Answer 1.3 For small business to established, vision concepts are such that it is easily liked by people for their good quality products. To establish a business proper planning is necessary where to start a business because place is important to any business. We should start a business according to people living in that particular area. What trend is going on and what they like or what are their needs and requirements of the people living in that area. Also living standards of the people is very important in success of any business. Answer 1.4- The culture of Puma is unique and has been one of the key reasons behind the success of the company. We are focused on ensuring that we provide great value products for our customers every day. Puma has an extensive programme of environmental and social initiatives, which we feel are improving our commu nity and our environment. View our Triple Bottom Line Report for more information about our most recent environmental and social activities. We aim to ensure that these values flow on to our stakeholders our team members, customers, suppliers, shareholders and our community. The big businesses like Puma and the Nike shoes interact with their customers to get knowledge about what kind of shoes they wanted and what is the latest trend going on. They hear customers and try to bring what they want. This helps them to achieve their vision statement and also they share their motive with their employees and motivate them to achieve. Vision Statement of PUMA:- Pumaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s vision for the next ten years à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Inspire the world, create the future.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Pumaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s arm envisions a future where just about everything you see and touch from the walls in your house and the floor you walks on to your car windows and coffee mugs is a display powered by Pumaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s services. On one hand, Pumaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s display vision of the future probably isnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t that far off in a number of ways: soon, everything will be connected. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s also pretty terrifying though, in that it depicts a world where ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s impossible to escape all of these products and services for even a moment. 1.3 Small Business venture:- In small business to established, vision concepts are such that it is easily liked by people for their good quality products. To establish a business proper planning is necessary where to start a business because place is important to any business. We should start a business according to people living in that particular area. Also living standards of the people is very important in success of any business. Vision:- To develop into a most popular and successful product in particular areas. Being the best means providing outstanding quality, service, and pri ce which should satisfy the customer and get a view that they have got value for what they spent. Part Two: Formulate and Communicate an Ethical Framework for Business Operations Answer 2.1 Business value: For start of new business first thoroughly look out place where someone want to start business, like look financial conditions of people living in that area and possibility of expansion of business. Personal values: values like faithful contribution of all workers working in business. Loyalty towards the enterprise so that business runs in proper way and serves quality products to the people. Ethnic value: The code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviour of a persons or group with respect to what is right or wrong. Treat the customers nicely, so that the feel comfortable while eating. No barrier of racism should be there Social values and responsibility: Treat people nicely, Increased percentage of overall sales growth, increased percentage of profit growth, improved customer service, continued high quality products. Answer 2.2: Policies for business practices Customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s policies- We should make some policies in favour of customers some of them would be: Customer relationship must be very good. Listen to customer first-what they really want in product Guarantee and warrantee policy Refund policy Discount on special occasions Policies for the Employee: Income Policy, Attendance policy, A policy for giving views in meetings, Policies related to rewards. Policies for Competitors: We should do that competition which will not cause some problem in market. Making awareness about which new products are introduced by the competitors. Find youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re lacking points compared with competitors. Comparing their price offered to customers on special occasions. Policies for communities: We will make policies for different communities by providing them jobs during vacancies and by providing awareness of their health and safety by organizing some seminars and plays. Part Three: Identification of Meaning of Fostering Entrepreneurship and Innovation Answer:3.1 The most important persons who are giving their contribution in achieving the objectives in the business are employees and if the company thinks that their employs are doing well in their job they should be rewarded by giving incentives. Owner can give some offer to them like holiday packages or tour trip. Promotion can also be a good idea for the hard working employees. We can give them some discount on products. One another way of rewarding is by giving honor to the hard workers during special parties organized by business. Answer 3.2: Plans for improving our services 1. by taking feedback and ideas directly from the customers: Feedback will be helpful to know the services provided by the business and if there is something to improve, can be improved at time. 2. By making all types of shoes available in the showroom: This will attract the customers to buy the product according to their need. 3. By keeping suggestion box: Suggestion box will help the business by getting different suggestions from their cust omers. By reading suggestion letters a business can get new ideas and if possible can take best ideas into practice. 4. By making facility of internet dealing: We can provide internet facility to customers because people sometime have no time to visit the shop for shopping internet deals can easily help them to purchase their favourite product just by doing little work on interne. Answer3.3: Innovation involves a wide range spectrum of original concepts, including new ways of doing business, new business models, business application of technology and communities, new management techniques, telecommunication, transport and finance. We will prepare a business plan for our business so that it will go with that way. Recognition of employees does make for a better work place. Recognition can really build up morale and productivity. If you are a manager or employer, it soon becomes pretty clear that using a carrot is far better than using a stick to motivate the people under you. Re cognition goes a long way in providing the carat. Part Four: Establish Business Goals and Objectives and Formulate Strategic Plans for Specific Small Business Ventures We choose Te puke for opening a showroom of shoes because it is beautiful small town where people like to enjoy their leisure time by playing and where people have keen interest in their professions our shop provides all necessities for their feet comfort. Answer 4.1: Objectives Profit maximisation: Providing the best service to the customers, selling quality products at reasonable prices helps to increase sale and hence profit. Full Customer satisfaction: Customers are known as king in every business and first priority should be given to the customer. Customer should be treated well and should be carefully heard. If any customer having any problem with any issue regarding products that should be solved first. Opening of branches in different cities: Having branches in different cities of New Zealan d where people can take advantage of our products. Goodwill of the business: Image of the business display where the business stand. If a business is popular it means the reputation of the business is really good, on the other hand if it is not popular then we have to take some steps to improve our business. Answer4.2:Goals to achieve objectives: Decorated showroom to attract customer. To work legally with every aspect of business. To be aware of government regulation. Do Advertising to increase sale. Having a well talented and experienced staff. Making time to time list of the competitors. Our Business Format: We will write out our basic business concept. Our second point will be to gather all the data that can on the feasibility and the specifics of our business concept. Focus and refine our concept based on the data we have compiled. Outline the specifics of our business. Using a what, where, why, how approach might be useful. Put your plan into a compelling form so that it will not only give you insights and focus but, at the same time, will become a valuable tool in dealing with business relationships that will be very important to you. Answer4.4: Detail Strategies: Business Our business is related to shoes store. Location Te puke, Jellicoe Street. Price we have different prices of products according to their quality. Promotion- Give advertisement in newspaper, distribute flyers in the street and to residentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ mail boxes and also banners etc. Target Market à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" our target market are people who comes to our shop and visitors. Resources- Employees, money, computers for recording data and other technical tools and all products. Details ownership- Manager has take charge but talented staff will be recruited so. Staffing- Employees can be employed as a full time or part time, depending upon the necessity for the job. If there is any problem regarding less or more employment it will be decided by owner of the shop? However an employee will be good communicator and experienced. Organisational and Operational Management-The owner and some experienced staff members will organise and operate the business. Answer4.5: Appropriation and complexibility of our business plan according to the business opportunity Well we know that today is modern era and the techniques and time is changing day by day. So our business plan should also be flexible (not much) and relevant to the time conditions. Well at some stages we have to change staffs or should train them according to the current or advanced method of business. Well some of the points due to which our business plan can be complex are- Economic factors Legal factors Community factors etc. Answer4.6: Our business plan is very much relevant, informative and advanced, as it has been made according to the practical point of view. Some of the points are given below- Advanced Profitable Low cost (expenses) more profit Perfect Marketing idea Very much understandable On the basis of current market aspects Answere4.7: Documentations of business proposal Clear objectives Clear goals Perfect vision Vision statement Formulated statured Rent $250 per week Power $500 per week Water $150 per week Wages and salaries of employees $2000 per week Internet and phone $100 per month REFERENCE: 1. www.answers.com 2. www.yahoo.com 3. www.google.co.nz 4. www.wikipedia.org 5. With the help of RBC lecture notes

Mountain Dew Free Essays

To gain the market share in the urban centers, it would be interesting to see how Mountain Dew differentiate the product from the competition and whether the benefits of the reduce are communicated effectively using the right channels and propose a redesign of the marketing campaign that could have a universal appeal. According to Finch (2012), the deployment of advertising and other promotional resources for a given brand is dependent upon the strategic goals for market segmentation, product differentiation, and positioning. The current market for Mountain Dew is comprised of 70 percent of white soda drinkers and the marketing would expand their product awareness among young African Americans and Latino In the urban centers. We will write a custom essay sample on Mountain Dew or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a marketing campaign, Mountain Dew had endorsed hip-hop singer Oil Wayne to tract the teens and youth In ass because this age group more Inclined towards help- hop (Stanford, 2012). According to the author of the article, Mountain Dew Wants Some Street Creed, 45 percent of the energetic caffeine-laced sugary drink is sold in the gas stations and convenience store, endorsing Mexican-American professional skateboarder Paul Rodriguez is a good move. Teens go to the nearest store on their skateboard could relate to P-Rod and would be influenced to purchase Mountain Dew because their favorite star is appealing to them to be have Mountain Dew. Brett O’Brien is targeting the right market segment, which are teens and young adults in ass by strategically endorsing youth stars including Country star Jason Alden. The marketing strategy Is right on the money because the present youth might become loyal to the brand and the future youth would grow watching the present youth drinking Mountain Dew to quench their thirst. Therefore, targeting young audience Is profitable strategy for Mountain Dew In the short and long run. Mountain Dew has differentiated its product from the competitors. Firstly, the green colored drink is cadged in green bottles and cans make Mountain Dew to be easily identifiable. Secondly, PepsiCo had collaborated with Complex Media to advertise its biggest soft- drink brand, Mountain Dew, on a new Web site, Green-Label. Mom (Elliott, 2013). Thirdly, PepsiCo is committed to market its most profitable brand, Mountain Dew, among the diverse younger generation by including famous artists, which could build brand awareness. Recently, Mountain Dew had invited consumers to shoot a promotional ad called Tweezed with Grammar winner (Stanford, 2012). Lastly, the TV advertisements of Mou ntain Dew such as â€Å"Yahoo! Mountain Dew! â€Å", Shore at shooting†, and â€Å"This Is How We Dew† differentiate Mountain Dew as a high profile brand In PepsiCo portfolio. Mountain Dew is eyeing on capturing market share In the urban centers and the Southern US border stretching from California to Louisiana (Stanford, 2012). This could be done by wooing the potential young consumers rather than no benefits of the soft drink, therefore, the marketing team of Mountain Dew had made efforts not add any benefits in their advertisement. However, the commercials of Oil Wayne and P-Rod are designed to communicate the Dew message that â€Å"they ill be able to do what they do with energy† in the new markets said Brett O’Brien (Stanford, 2012). Mountain Dew could explore some opportunities to redesign the promotional campaign to appeal to the larger audience at once. FIFE world cup is coming soon. Mountain Dew could partner with international soccer players from Mexico to woo young Latino and endorse African American foot ball players to attract young blacks. According to Elliott (2013), Mountain Dew had spent $108 million dollars on advertisement in major media in last five years in addition to endorsement deals. Considering this marketing cost, a thought of creating a Mountain Dew Anthem by including all the stars from diverse backgrounds would appeal the masses. This will create a brand image of Mountain Dew not within US borders but in foreign markets as well. The forthcoming FIFE world cup will be watched throughout the world; therefore, it is an excellent opportunity for Mountain Dew to advertise its brand using the mainstream media, which is television and radio. Social media such as Backbone and Youth are effective means of communicating the message the Mountain Dew. Mountain Dew is a leading brand of PepsiCo and the marketing team is designing campaign to regain the lost share and attract young African Americans and Latino in the urban centers. The marketing strategy of Mountain Dew to endorse various stars from different backgrounds is a good strategy to appeal the teens and young adults in ass. If Mountain Dew could adopt the proposed strategy to create a Mountain Dew Anthem by integrating variety of domestic and international celebrities, it will appeal the entire younger generation at once. Big screen television is in great demand throughout the world. LCD, LED, and Plasma TV’s fall into the category of big screen TV’s. The product that I would like to introduce into the market is DTV. A TV that will not only display a picture but also gives an experience of AD effect at home. There is huge market in the developed countries and the emerging economies, which will appreciate a AD TV in the living room and/or bedroom. The reason I want to develop and launch a AD TV is that it does not exist in the market. The current products available are LCD, Plasma, and a recent addition of LED technology. Many manufacturers does offer a AD feature which be enjoyed with AD glasses. Without AD glasses, a TV will be a regular TV. My product would not require glasses for consumers to wear. Consumers can bring the experience of AD movie theatres and AD theme parks at home. This product will benefit all ages. Watching a movie at home in AD would bring a revolution in the industry. For example, imagine a family is watching Avatar or Star War movies at home in AD and does not need to go to IMAX theatre. Children would be able to feel their favorite cartoon characters right next to them. There is one huge market segment that would be benefited with AD TV is video games lover. It would be Jaw-dropping moment for hem when they will find out that their favorite can be played in AD environment. Obviously, video game companies need to work in this direction as well. To make and dedicated team need to put their heart and soul into this project to reach the customers with a most awaited product. It is a challenging project and the most difficulty I am facing while compiling a marketing plan is to perform a competitor’s analysis. I would like to know whether Samsung, Panasonic, or Sony is in this race. What is their market position? If the competitor would be competing for the entire market or one specific market segment? What are strengths and weaknesses of the competitor? The response to these questions would be crucial for my marketing plans. In addition, I will be working with my team in close relation to define the strategies to implement plan with success. Additional information required to make most informed strategic decisions are SOOT analysis of my company, a primary marketing strategies required to target above mentioned market segmentations, an alternative marketing strategy, and a final (best) strategy that will implemented using up’s of marketing to create a brand image. Samsung 10 changes need to be met. Ensure that customers are satisfied with the product purchased; if there is dissatisfaction Samsung must understand why and do whatever is necessary to fix the issue. Most of the more important items are ensuring sales agencies and management continually provides training for marketing staff. This will ensure he or she have the latest information about all the products. Samsung 11 Conclusion Samsung holds a great deal of the global market for AD television. A through and detailed analysis of the global AD television market has been detailed by Samsung. The SOOT analysis reveals industry trends, the effects of intention, and outside threats. How to cite Mountain Dew, Papers

Logical Fallacies Exercise free essay sample

I. Identify the fallacies of sufficiency committed by the following arguments, giv ­ing a brief explanation for your answer. If no fallacy is committed, write no fallacy. 1 1. The Daily News carried an article this morning about three local teenagers who were arrested on charges of drug possession. Teenagers these days are nothing but a bunch of junkies. Hasty Generalization – not enough examples. 2. If a car breaks down on the freeway, a passing mechanic is not obligated to render emergency road service. For similar reasons, if a person suffers a heart attack on the street, a passing physician is not obligated to render emergency medical assistance. Weak Analogy – a physician has taken an oath to help people, but a mechanic hasn’t. 3. There must be something to psychical research. Three famous physicists, Oliver Lodge, James Jeans, and Arthur Stanley Eddington, took it seriously. Appeal to unqualified authority. Physicists aren’t authorities on psychical research. We will write a custom essay sample on Logical Fallacies Exercise or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 4. The secretaries have asked us to provide lounge areas where they can spend their coffee breaks. This request will have to be refused. If we give them lounge areas, next theyll be asking for spas and swimming pools. Then it will be rac ­quetball courts, tennis courts, and fitness centers. Expenditures for these facili ­ties will drive us into bankruptcy. Straw Man. The real issue, lounge areas, is distorted to include pools and other things. 5. The accumulation of pressure in a society is similar to the build-up of pressure in a boiler. If the pressure in a boiler increases beyond a critical point, the boiler will explode. Accordingly, if a government represses its people beyond a certain point, the people will rise up in revolt. Analogy – The similarity between psychological pressure and pressure in a boiler seems reasonable, so this one seems relatively strong. 6. A few minutes after Governor Harrison finished his speech on television, a devastating earthquake struck southern Alaska. For the safety of the people up there, it is imperative that Governor Harrison make no more speeches. False Cause – there is no causal connection between the speeches and the earthquake. 7. No one has ever been able to prove the existence of extrasensory perception. We must therefore conclude that extrasensory perception is a myth. Appeal to Ignorance. 8. Lester Brown, universally respected author of the yearly State of the World report, has said that the destruction of tropical rain forests is one of the ten most serious worldwide problems. Thus, it must be the case that this is indeed a very serious problem. Argument by Authority – since Brown would be educated and informed about worldwide problems, this would be a relatively strong argument and not a fallacy. 9. Federal officers assaulted the family of Randy Weaver in northern Idaho, killing his wife, and they were also involved in the destruction of the Branch Davidian compound in Waco, Texas, with great loss of life. The conclusion is clear that federal officials are just a pack of killers. Hasty generalization – not enough samples are cited. One might argue that this is a case of Missing the point or Suppressed Evidence, since the fact that that Federal officers have done these things is not enough evidence to conclude that they are killers – there would be other relevant information needed to make this conclusion from the premises given. 10. Pianist Ray Charles says that Sinclair paints are groovy. We can only conclude that Sinclair paints are very groovy indeed. Appeal to Unqualified Authority. Ray Charles is a (blind) singer, so he has no relevant authority about the â€Å"grooviness† of paints. 11. Probably no life exists on Venus. Teams of scientists have conducted exhaustive studies of the planets surface and atmosphere, and no living organisms have been found. Argument by Authority – since scientists who have studied Venus are cited, they are the people who know this information better than anyone else. 12. We dont dare let the animal rights activists get their foot in the door. If they sell us on the idea that dogs, cats, and dolphins have rights, next it will be chickens and cows. That means no more chicken Kiev or prime rib. Next it will be worms and insects. This will lead to the decimation of our agricultural industry. The starvation of the human race will follow close behind. Straw Man. The real issue (that dogs, cats, and dolphins have rights) is exaggerated and the exaggeration is used to discredit the real issue. 13. No one would buy a pair of shoes without trying them on. Why should anyone be expected to get married without premarital sex? Analogy. The issue here is whether trying on a pair of shoes is a good analogy for sex. It has the similarity of someone trying something before they decide whether they like it or not. But it has major weaknesses; sex involves another person, not just an inanimate object; sex involves caring for the feelings of the other person, while wearing shoes does not involve caring for the feelings of the shoes; and studies have shown that trying sex before marriage has no real connection with the level of sexual satisfaction within marriage. 14. No one has proved conclusively that Americas nuclear power plants constitute a danger to people living in their immediate vicinity. Therefore, it is perfectly safe to continue to build nuclear power plants near large metropolitan centers. Appeal to ignorance. 15. There are more churches in New York City than in any other city in the nation, and more crimes are committed in New York City than anywhere else. So, if we are to eliminate crime, we must abolish the churches. False Cause Fallacy. There is no causal connection between number of churches and amount of crime. II. Answer true or false to the following statements: 1. If an arguer cites a statement by a recognized expert in support of a conclusion and the statement falls within the experts range of expertise, then the arguer commits an appeal to unqualified authority. FALSE – this would an appeal to qualified authority. 2. If an arguer cites a statement in support of a conclusion and the statement reflects the strong bias of its author, then the arguer commits an appeal to unqualified authority. TRUE 3. In the appeal to ignorance, the arguer accuses the reader or listener of being ignorant. FALSE – appeal to ignorance is saying lack of proof constitutes proof. 4. If an attorney for the defense in an American or Canadian criminal trial argues that the prosecution has proved nothing beyond a reasonable doubt about the guilt of the defendant, then the attorney commits an appeal to ignorance. In one sense this is true – but the issue in court is that your guilt has to be proven beyond a reasonable doubt, so this is an acceptable appeal to ignorance. 5. Hasty generalization always proceeds from the particular to the general. TRUE 6. The post hoc ergo propter hoc variety of the false cause fallacy presumes that X causes Y merely because X happens before Y. TRUE 7. If an argument concludes that X causes Y simply because X and Y occur over the same time interval, then the argument commits a false cause fallacy. TRUE 8. If the conclusion of an argument depends on the occurrence of a chain reaction of events, and there is good reason to believe that the chain reaction will actually occur, the argument commits a slippery slope fallacy. FALSE This would be a slippery slope argument, but not a slippery slope fallacy. 9. The fallacy of weak analogy always depends on an alleged similarity between two things or situations. TRUE 10. If an argument from analogy depends on a causal or systematic relationship between certain attributes, and there is good reason to believe that this relation ­ship exists, then the argument commits no fallacy. TRUE III. Identify the fallacies of relevance and sufficiency committed by the following arguments. If no fallacy is committed, write no fallacy. 1. On our first date, George had his hands all over me, and I found it nearly impos ­sible to keep him in his place. A week ago Tom gave me that stupid line about how, in order to prove my love, I had to spend the night with him. Men are all alike. All any of them want is sex. Hasty Generalization – sample group is too small. 2. Tagging by graffiti artists has become a terrible problem in recent years. Obvi ­ously our schools are stifling the creative spirit of these young people. Missing the point – the obvious conclusion would be something about discipline. 3. Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein has promised to treat the Kurds and Suni Muslims in Iraq with respect and dignity. Also, he has promised to abandon his earlier plans for becoming the dominant power in the Middle East. However, Hussein is a notorious liar and an outright murderer. Therefore, we should not trust these promises for a minute. Ad Hominem – but this one is not a fallacy – in this case Hussein’s character is relevant information. 4. Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle argues that ethanol should be added to gasoline to reduce air pollution. But of course Daschle argues this way. He represents South Dakota, which is loaded with grain growers, and ethanol is manufactured from grain. Thus, we should ignore Daschles arguments. Ad Hominem Circumstantial – attacks motives. 5. World-famous paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould says that the dinosaurs were killed by a large asteroid that collided with the earth. Furthermore, many scien ­tists agree with Gould. Therefore, we conclude that the dinosaurs were proba ­bly killed by an asteroid. Appeal to authority – since a majority of scientists agree on this point and they are the people who would know, this is relatively strong. 6. Emily has bought over 100 tickets on the weekly state lottery, and she has never won anything. Therefore, the likelihood increases every week that she will win something if she continues to buy tickets. This is a particular example of a False Cause argument, known as the gambler’s fallacy. The fact that one has lost at a gambling game for a long time doesn’t change their chances at winning the next time. For instance, if you are betting on a coin toss, and the coin has come up heads 5 time in a row, the chances of it coming up tails the next time is still exactly 50%. 7. Johnny, of course I deserve the use of your bicycle for the afternoon. After all, Im sure you wouldnt want your mother to find out that you played hooky today. Threat – appeal to force/fear. 8. As a businessperson you certainly want to subscribe to Forbes magazine. Virtu ­ally all the successful business executives in the country subscribe to it. Appeal to the people/Vanity 9. Ellen Quinn has argued that logic is not the most important thing in life. Appar ­ently Ellen advocates irrationality. It has taken two million years for the human race to achieve the position that it has, and Ellen would throw the whole thing into the garbage. What utter nonsense! Leads away from the real issue (Quinn’s argument that logic is not the most important thing in life) – Red Herring. 10. When water is poured on the top of a pile of rocks, it always trickles down to the rocks on the bottom. Similarly, when rich people make lots of money, we can expect this money to trickle down to the poor. Weak Analogy – there is no particular similarity between pouring water on rocks and what happens when people earn money. 11. Extensive laboratory tests have failed to prove any deleterious side effects of the new pain killer lexaprine. We conclude that lexaprine is safe for human consumption. Appeal to ignorance 12. Environmentalists accuse us of blocking the plan to convert Antarctica into a world park. In fact, nothing could be further from the truth. Antarctica is a huge continent teeming with life. It is the home of millions of penguins, seals, sea birds, and sea lions. Also, great schools of finfish and whales inhabit its coastal waters. Red Herring. Real issue: Blocking the plan to convert Antarctica into a world park. 13. Marge Schott, minority owner of the Cincinnati Reds, has argued that profes ­sional baseball should be exempt from federal antitrust legislation. But consider this: Schott is a disgusting racist bigot who speaks approvingly of Adolf Hitler. Clearly, we should ignore her antitrust arguments. Ad Hominem Abusive. If the arguer showed that Schott’s position as the minority lead of the Reds affected his argument, it could be a strong Ad Hominem Circumstantial. But the information given is totally irrelevant to the real issue. 14. The operation of a camera is similar in many ways to the operation of an eye. If you are to see anything in a darkened room, the pupils of your eyes must first dilate. Accordingly, if you are to take a photograph (without flash) in a darkened room, the aperture of the camera lens must first be opened. Argument by Analogy. There seem to be relevant similarities between the eye and a camera lens, so this would be relatively strong. 15. Certainly Miss Malone will be a capable and efficient manager. She has a great figure, a gorgeous face, and tremendous poise, and she dresses very fashionably. Missing the point. The premise about her figure, etc. , is irrelevant to the conclusion about her being a good manager. 16. Dear Internal Revenue Service: I received a notice that my taxes are being audited for last year. But you have no right to do this. The deadline for filing a return was April 15, and I filed my tax return on April 12-a full three days before the deadline. Missing the Point: The premise about the filing deadlines is irrelevant to the conclusion that the IRS has made a mistake. 17. To prevent dangerous weapons from being carried aboard airliners, those seek ­ing to board must pass through a magnetometer and submit to a possible pat ­down search. Therefore, to prevent alcohol and drugs from being carried into rock concerts, it is appropriate that those entering submit to similar search procedures. Analogy. It’s not clear that this is a relevant analogy. It’s not clear that alcohol and drugs are similar enough to dangerous weapons to make the analogy work. 18. Mr. Flemmings arguments against the rent control initiative on the September ballot should be taken with a grain of salt. As a landlord he would naturally be expected to oppose the initiative. Ad Hominem Circumstantial. It’s likely that Flemming’s being a landlord should be taken into account, so this is relatively strong. But still, his arguments are what are at issue, not his motives. 19. India is suffering a serious drought, thousands of children are dying of starvation in their mothers arms, and homeless beggars line the streets of the major cities. Surely we must give these poor downtrodden people the chance of bettering their condition in America, the land of wealth and opportunity. Missing the Point. The premise that people in India are suffering would most clearly lead to the conclusion that other people in the world should help them out, give them food, help them grow their own food, etc. , but not that we should bring them to America. 20. Members of the jury, you have heard Shirley Gaines testify that the defendant did not offer to perform acts of prostitution for the undercover police officer. But Gaines is a known prostitute herself and a close friend of the defendant. Also, only a year ago she was convicted of twelve counts of perjury. Therefore, you should certainly discount Gainess testimony. Strong Ad Hominem. Since all of the information is relevant to Gaines’ trustworthiness, it is a strong argument, even though it’s an Ad Hominem. 21. It is ridiculous to hear that man from Peru complaining about Americas poverty. Peru has twice as much poverty as America has ever had. Red Herring. The issue is America’s poverty, not Peru’s poverty. 22. Angela complains that the problems on the algebra test were too hard. But have you ever seen the way Angela flirts with that good-looking quarterback on the football team? Shes constantly batting those long, black eyelashes at him, and her tight-fitting sweaters leave nothing to the imagination. Angela should pay more attention to her studies. Red Herring. The issue is the difficulty of the exam, not Angela’s behavior. 23. Nobody has ever proved that immoral behavior by elected officials erodes pub ­lic morality. Therefore, we must conclude that such behavior does not erode public morality. Appeal to ignorance. 24. Freedom of speech is guaranteed by the First Amendment. Therefore, your friend was acting within his rights when he shouted Fire! Fire! in that crowded theater, even though it was only a joke. Accident. This action is specifically excluded from First Amendment rights. 25. No one, upon encountering a watch lying on a forest trail, would expect that it had simply appeared there without having been made by someone. For the same reason, no one should expect that the universe simply appeared without having been made by some being. Analogy. Whether this is a strong or weak analogy has been debated throughout history, and people are fairly evenly divided about it! 26. On Monday I drank ten rum and Cokes, and the next morning I woke up with a headache. On Wednesday I drank eight gin and Cokes, and the next morning I woke up with a headache. On Friday I drank nine Bourbon and Cokes, and the next morning I woke up with a headache. Obviously, to prevent further head ­aches I must give up Coke. Missing the Point or False Cause. The obvious conclusion (and the real cause) is to give up the alcohol, not the Coke. 27. Former Senate majority leader Trent Lott announced in a press conference that homosexuality is a sin. In view of Mr. Lotts expertise in religious matters, we must conclude that homosexuality is a sin, just as he claims. Argument from Authority. The issue here would be whether Trent Lott is an expert on the issues of homosexuality and sin. There’s not enough information given to establish it one way or another at this point. 28. Some of the parents in our school district have asked that we provide bilingual education in Spanish. This request will have to be denied. If we provide this service, then someone will ask for bilingual education in Greek. Then it will be German, French, and Hungarian. Polish, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean will follow close behind. We certainly cant accommodate all of them. Straw Man. The real issue is bilingual education in Spanish, which is exaggerated to include a lot of other languages.

Learning About Starfish

Learning About Starfish Starfish are fascinating creatures. With their   bumpy, five-armed bodies, its easy to see how they got their  name, but did you know that starfish arent really fish at all? Scientists dont call these ocean-dwelling  creatures starfish. They call them sea stars because they arent fish. They dont have gills, scales, or backbones like fish do. Instead, starfish are invertebrate  marine organisms tbhat  are part of the family known as  echinoderms. One feature that all echinoderms have in common is that their body parts are arranged symmetrically around a center point. For starfish, those body  parts are their arms. Each arm has suckers that help starfish, who dont swim, move along and capture prey. Most of the 2,000 species of starfish have the five arms that inspired their name, but some have as many as 40 arms! Starfish can regrow an arm if they lose one. Thats because their vital organs are located in their arms. In fact, as long as an arm has part of the starfishs central disc, it can regenerate an entire starfish. At the end of each of a starfishs five to forty arms is  an eye that helps them locate food. Starfish eat things like clams, snails, and small fish. Their stomachs are located on the underside of their central body part. Did you know that a starfishs stomach can come out of its body to envelop its prey? Another striking fact about starfish is that they dont have brains or blood! Instead of blood, they have a water vascular system that helps them breathe, move, and expel waste. Instead of a brain, they have a complex system of light - and temperature-sensitive nerves. Starfish  live only in saltwater habitats but are found in all Earths oceans. They vary in sized based on the species but are usually between 4 and 11 inches in diameter and can weigh up to 11 pounds. The lifespan of a starfish also varies by species, but many live up to 35 years. They can be found in a variety of colors such as brown, red, purple, yellow, or pink. If you are fortunate enough to find a starfish in a  tide pool or the ocean, you can safely pick it  up. Just be very careful not to harm the starfish and make sure to return it to its home. Learning About Starfish To learn more about sea stars, try some of these excellent books: Starfish by Edith Thacher Hurd is a Lets-Read-and-Find-Out About story about starfish  and how they live in the deep blue sea. One Shining Starfish by Lori Flying Fish is a colorful counting book featuring starfish and other ocean-dwelling creatures.   Star of the Sea: A Day in the Life of a Starfish by  Janet Halfmann is a beautifully-illustrated book that weaves facts about starfish into a delightfully captivating tale. Seashells, Crabs and Sea Stars: Take-Along Guide by Christiane Kump Tibbitts introduces a variety of marine life, including starfish. It includes tips for identifying several marine-dwelling creatures and features fun activities to try. Spiny Sea Star: A Tale of Seeing Stars by Suzanne Tate provides easily-accessible facts about starfish with adorable illustrations. Sea Star Wishes: Poems from the Coast by Eric Ode is a collection of  ocean-themed poems, including those about starfish. Memorize a starfish poem or two as you study sea stars. Resources and Activities for Learning About Starfish Spend some time researching and learning about starfish using your library, the Internet, or local resources. Try some of these ideas: Learn more about how starfish see with the eyes at the end of each of their arms.Research starfish anatomy. Learn how they eat, breathe, and move.Visit an aquarium or a fish store to see live starfish up close.If you live near a beach, look for starfish in the tide pools.Make a diorama featuring starfish, their habitat, and their prey.Create an ABC book about starfish.Do some research to find out what creatures other than starfish are members of the  echinoderm family.Learn about the dangers,  such as predators and pollution, that starfish face. Starfish, or sea stars, are enchanting creatures who play an important role in their environment. Have fun learning more about them! Updated by Kris Bales

How to Answer the 5 Most Common Interview Questions

How to Answer the 5 Most Common Interview Questions In a 1981 interview, TV journalist Barbara Walters famously asked actress Katharine Hepburn, â€Å"What kind of tree are you?† Ever since then, the tree question has been a byword for out-there interview questions. And while you probably won’t get any tree-based questions in your next job interview, you should be prepared for open-ended questions designed to test your readiness for a job. Here are some answers and strategies you should have in your pocket for when an interviewer asks you a question slightly outside of your resume.1. What are some of your strengths and weaknesses?Relax. The interviewer isn’t expecting a full audit of your personal failures or a speech about how you remind yourself of Mother Theresa and Mark Zuckerberg. When you’re asked about your strengths, make sure your answer is directly relevant to the job you’re interviewing for. If you’re interviewing for a sales position, mention your knack for turning a slammed door i nto a promising lead. Or if you’re under consideration for a management position, talk about how your leadership led your former group to its best year ever.For your weaknesses, don’t answer with something that will likely make the interviewer roll their eyes, like â€Å"I work too hard† or â€Å"I love my job too much.† Instead, be honest- but again, make sure it can be spun as a positive for the specific role you’re seeking. For example, instead of saying that you work too hard, say that you have a tendency to try to solve every problem that comes along.The key is to  make sure the interviewer knows you’re aware of your limitations. In this case, you could say that you tend to take on a lot, but that you’re aware of the need to work with the team to find solutions together instead of putting it all on one person. A little self-awareness goes a long way.2.  What was your reason for leaving your previous  job?Chances are, the in terviewer will ask you why you’re looking to leave your current job- or if you’re currently unemployed, why you left your last job. If it’s the former, stress that you’re seeking to grow by taking your skills and experience to the next level with this job. If it’s the latter, and you left your last job under less-than-ideal circumstances (like being fired), don’t panic. Emphasize that the job wasn’t a good fit for you, and you’re seeking a job that fits with your long-term goals (with a bit of explanation of what those are and how they relate to the job you’re trying to get).3. What are your salary expectations for this position?Asking what kind of salary you’re expecting may just be the interviewer’s way to determine what you expect from the job. It’s a risky question to answer- too high a salary, and they might think you’ll jump ship for the next high-paying opportunity that comes along. Too low, and that could impact the salary and benefits they propose to you as part of a job offer. It’s okay to punt this one a little- explain that you’re flexible on salary depending on the role and benefits package and would be happy to discuss that further in the future.4.  Tell me about yourself .When an interviewer asks you about yourself, this is not the time to talk about your hometown, your elementary school spelling bee trophies, or your allergies. They want you to cherry-pick your bio to show whether you’ll fit at their company, in their open  position. Here’s where a quick summary of your relevant education would come in handy, along with  an overview of jobs you’ve had in the field or other experiences appropriate to the job itself. This is something you can prepare ahead of time- just a few sentences outlining who you are as a professional and what makes you a strong candidate for the position.5. Tell me about a time you solved a d ifficult problem.Another popular interview tactic is to have the candidate tell a story about a time they demonstrated a particular skill, like problem solving. Before you go into the interview, think about the skills you’d like to emphasize and come up with a few (honest!) anecdotes about how you applied those in real life. Write them down, or at least jot down notes; that will help them stick in your head and make them easier for your brain to â€Å"grab† when you’re on the spot.If you do know what kind of tree you would be, great! You’re all set if that somehow comes up. Much more likely, you’ll see questions like these. The more you think about them beforehand, the more ready you’ll be to answer them like a pro.

One Year Action Plan based on based on Epstein's 6 Types of Essay

One Year Action Plan based on based on Epstein's 6 Types of involvement - Essay Example Such feasibility studies were done to ensure that the action plan was measurable, specific, time-bound and achievable. These factors were not considered only in the selection but also in the implementation of the plan. As much as possible, over elaboration and sensationalism were avoided. To this effect, the action plan comes with specific activities on what needs to be done to achieve the set targets. These measures indeed make the implementation of the 3-way Action Plan feasible as there are clearly stated measures for achieving the objectives. In the academics for instance, it is stated for example that ways of achieving goal one would be â€Å"Parent involvement, increase in Benchmarks, six weeks test, report cards, TAKS testing†. With measures of this nature running through all the goals, the implementation of the plan is indeed feasible. Factors that will Support the Plan As suggested by Epstein, there have been specific factors picked from the home, community as well as the school as supporting factors for the successful implementation and achievement of the action plan. ... h the academic goals where students will be taken through reinforced lessons in the areas of reading, spelling and the organization of academic competitions to boost students’ desire to learn more. Factors that will Hinder the Plan Not withstanding the carefully crafted factors above, there is no denying the fact that there are still foreseeable factors that may possibly hinder the successful implementation of the Action Plan. Some of these factors include the fact that there may be conflict of targeted goals between the home and the school in one hand and the community and the school at the other hand. This is to mean that there is the likelihood that goals that the home may want to achieve in this period of one year may not just be different from that of the school but opposite to it, causing a lot of inconvenience in striking the balance of pursuing both goals. The same is true for the community. Again, since Epstein suggests that the implementation of the action plan shoul d be out of a collaborative effort between the school and other stakeholders, it is expected that there will be maximum cooperation from the home and community. However, there could be the likelihood that these agents or stakeholders may not have enough time to participate in the implementation of the Action Plan. There could even be apathy on the part of some stakeholders. Financial inadequacies are also hindrances that cannot be overlooked. Extent to which the action plan already supports the Partnership that already exists in School Farlex (2011) explains that â€Å"a relationship between individuals or groups that is characterized by mutual cooperation and responsibility, as for the achievement of a specified goal† As the adage goes, â€Å"there is nothing new under the sun†. As a matter of